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Objective To investigate the changing trend and epidemiological characteristics of the incidence and mortality of chronic kidney disease (CKD) with age, period and birth cohort in Chinese population. Methods Based on the data of incidence and mortality of CKD in Chinese population aged 20-80 years from 1990 to 2019 in GHDx database, joinpoint regression model was used to analyze the incidence and mortality trend of CKD. An age-period-cohort model was constructed to analyze the effects of age, period, and birth cohort on the trend of CKD incidence and mortality. Results Joinpoint regression analysis showed that the standardized incidence rate of chronic kidney disease in Chinese population increased from 146.37/100 000 in 1990 to 161.52/100 000 in 2019, while the standardized mortality rate decreased from 12.98/100 000 in 1990 to 11.23/100 000 in 2019. The APC model analysis showed that the risk of CKD incidence and death in the Chinese population increased with age, while the risk of CKD incidence increased with the increase of period. The risk of death did not change significantly with the increase of period. The cohort born later had a lower risk of CKD incidence and death compared to the cohort born earlier. Conclusion At present, the age effect and period effect of the incidence and death risk of chronic kidney disease in China are dominant. It is important to take effective measures and intervene in a timely manner, especially to strengthen the protection of older high-risk groups born earlier.
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Objective To evaluate the quality of life of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Weifang City, Shandong Province and to explore its influencing factors. Methods A multistage stratified random sampling method was used to investigate patients in endocrine outpatient clinics in four medical institutions in Weifang from July to September 2022. The survey included general information, multi-dimensional evaluation of quality of life with the EQ-5D-5L scale, calculation of health utility values, and analysis of influencing factors using Tobit regression models. Results A total of 397 patients with type 2 diabetes were included in the present investigation, with health utility value of 0.82±0.21 points and visual analogue scale (VAS) score of 79.47±12.81 points. Pain or discomfort, anxiety or depression were more prominent in the study population. Age, diabetic complications, BMI, daily need for care, social support, and daily level of glycemic control were factors influencing health-related quality of life in patients with type 2 diabetes. Conclusion In the actual treatment of type 2 diabetes patients, an emphasis should be placed on protecting elderly type 2 diabetic patients, preventing and controlling the occurrence and development of diabetic complications, and improving daily blood glucose control to further improve the health-related quality of life of the population.
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Objective To analyze the disease burden of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) in China and regions with different income levels in the world from 1990 to 2019. Methods Using the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 (GBD2019) results, the changes of the disease burden of MDR-TB in China and regions with different income levels in the world were described and analyzed using the Joinpoint Regression Program 4.8.0.1 software. Results From 1990 to 2019, the age standardized incidence, mortality and DALY rates in China and other areas with different income levels in the world basically showed a trend of first rising and then decreasing at the turning point of the late 20th century and early 21st century, except for low-income areas where the age standardized incidence rate showed an overall upward trend. In 2019, the incidence rate, mortality and DALY rate of MDR-TB in China were 9 times, 6.67 times and 6.89 times higher than those in high-income areas, respectively. The incidence rate in China was 6 times lower than that in low and middle-income areas, while the mortality and DALY rate in China were 26 times and 32.53 times lower than those in low-income areas, respectively. The age standardized incidence, mortality rate and DALY rate of MDR-TB in men were higher than those in women. Risk factors for the burden of MDR-TB disease included alcohol consumption, smoking, and high fasting blood glucose. Conclusion From 1990 to 2019, there are significant regional and gender differences in the disease burden of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in China and regions with different income levels in the world. Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis is still a major challenge for tuberculosis control in the world. It is necessary to develop more effective control strategies and health care systems to deal with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis.
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Objective To analyze the changing trend of disease burden attributable to renal insufficiency in cardiovascular disease (CVD) among the elderly in China from 1990 to 2019, and to forecast the disability-adjusted life years (DALY) in the next 10 years, so as to provide a reference basis for accurate prevention and control of CVD attributable to renal insufficiency in China. Methods Data were obtained from the Global Health Data Exchange (GHDx) database to describe the current status of CVD prevalence attributable to renal insufficiency. The joinpoint model was used to estimate the annual percentage change and average annual percentage change to assess the temporal trend of CVD attributable to renal insufficiency in China. An autoregressive moving average model was created by R4.0.2 software to predict the disease burden of CVD attributable to renal insufficiency in China. Results Compared with 1990, CVD mortality and DALY rates attributed to renal insufficiency increased in the male elderly population and decreased in women. Mortality and DALY rates attributed to ischemic heart disease, ischemic stroke, and peripheral arterial disease attributed to renal insufficiency showed an increasing trend, and mortality and DALY rates for cerebral hemorrhage decreased. There was an overall increasing trend in the attribution of CVD due to renal insufficiency. Conclusion The burden of diseases attributable to renal insufficiency in Chinese elderly with CVD is relatively high, and the impact on each disease is different, which requires the attention of relevant authorities.